The role of free radicals in muscular dystrophy.
Tidball JG, Wehling-Henricks M
J Appl Physiol. 2006 Nov 9;
Null mutation of members of the dystrophin protein complex can cause
progressive, and possibly fatal, muscle wasting. Although these
muscular dystrophies arise from mutation of a single gene that is
expressed primarily in muscle, the resulting pathology is complex and
multi-systemic. Prior to the identification of the deficient proteins
that underlie muscular dystrophies such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy
(DMD), oxidative stress was proposed as a major cause of the disease.
Now, current knowledge indicates that interactions between the primary
genetic defect and disruptions in the production of free radicals
contribute these diseases. In this review, we focus on the
pathophysiology of dystrophin-deficiency in humans with DMD and the mdx
mouse model of DMD. Current evidence indicates three routes through
which free radical production can be disrupted in dystrophin-deficiency
and promote pathology. First, constitutive differences in free radical
production can disrupt signaling in muscle and other tissues and
exacerbate pathology. Second, tissue responses to the pathology can
shift free radical production to promote cellular injury and
dysfunction. Finally, behavioral differences in the affected individual
can cause changes in the production free radicals and contribute to
disease. Unfortunately, the complexity of the free radical mediated
processes that are perturbed in muscular dystrophy makes it difficult
to develop therapies founded on systemic administration of
anti-oxidants. More mechanistic knowledge of the specific disruptions
of free radicals that underlie major features of muscular dystrophy is
needed to develop more targeted therapeutic approaches. Key words:
muscular dystrophy, nitric oxide, muscle disease, free radical.
http://tinyurl.com/nz66o
Res. Immunol.
1992, 143, 145-148
Oxidative Stress, HIV and AIDS
E. Papadopulos-Eleopulos (1) V.F. Turner (2) and J.M.
Papadimitriou (3)
(1) Department of Medical Physics, (2) Emergency Department
and
(3) Department of Pathology, (University of Western
Australia), Royal Perth Hospital, Wellington St.,
Perth 6001 (Western Australia)
As long ago as 1983, one of us (E.P.-E.) proposed that oxidative
mechanisms are of critical significance in
the genesis of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome).
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
